In the heart of the Red River Delta, Bat Trang village has been a bustling center of ceramic production for over a thousand years. The discovery of ancient kilns and pottery pieces in this area highlights the legacy and intricate craftsmanship of Vietnamese ceramics. These finds, and the ongoing tradition in places like Bat Trang show the south-east Asian country’s vibrant culture and artistic heritage.

From ancient times to the present, Vietnamese potters have mastered the art of making beautiful ceramics that reflect their country’s nature and culture. This article talk about the ceramics, its history, techniques, and meaning.

The History of Vietnamese Ceramics

Vietnamese ceramics history goes back over two thousand years, with pottery found as early as the Neolithic period. But it was during the Ly (1009-1225) and Tran (1225-1400) dynasties that Vietnamese ceramics really took off. The influence of China was visible during these periods, as Vietnam was a vassal state of China, but Vietnamese potters developed their own style and techniques.

Vietnamese ceramics were also influenced by neighboring cultures such as Khmer and Champa. The Cham people, known for their Hindu-Buddhist art, added intricate motifs and sculptural elements to their work. The Khmer influence is visible in the glazes and techniques used, and these cultural exchanges added more diversity and complexity to the designs.

One of Vietnam’s greatest contributions to the art world is the development of celadon during the Ly dynasty. Celadon, with its jade-green glaze, was very precious in Vietnam and neighboring countries. This period also saw the production of underglaze blue and white ceramics inspired by Chinese blue and white porcelain but with Vietnamese characteristics.

Ceramics have also been part of Vietnamese social and political life. In royal courts, fine ceramics were symbols of status and power, used in ceremonies and as gifts. Beautiful ceramics were commissioned for palaces and temples to show off the wealth and refinement of the ruling class. In a religious context, ceramics were used in rituals and as offerings in temples and pagodas. These pieces often had religious symbols and motifs for aesthetic and spiritual purposes.

Techniques and Styles

Vietnamese ceramics are famous for their variety of forms, glazes, and decorative motifs, with techniques passed down through generations to preserve this ancient craft. Some of the most common techniques are:

• Wheel Throwing and Hand Building: Vietnamese potters use wheel throwing and hand building to make their ceramics. The wheel for symmetrical and uniform pieces, and hand building for more flexibility in making intricate and unique shapes.
• Glazing: Vietnamese ceramics are known for their colorful glazes, from deep greens and blues to soft yellows and whites. Glazing involves applying a liquid mixture of minerals to the surface of the pottery and then firing it in a kiln. The heat melts the glaze and fuses it with the clay to create a smooth, glass-like surface.
• Decoration: Traditional Vietnamese ceramics have intricate decorations such as floral patterns, mythical creatures, and geometric designs. These motifs are hand-painted or incised into the clay before glazing to add depth to the piece.
• Kiln Firing: Kiln firing is crucial in ceramic production as it fires the clay and fixes the glaze. Vietnamese potters have used traditional wood-fired kilns reaching up to 1300°C. The type of wood used and the firing techniques can affect the outcome of the ceramics.

The Significance of Vietnamese Ceramics

Vietnamese ceramics are part of the country’s cultural and artistic heritage, and they are loved for their beauty, craftsmanship, and historical and cultural value. Ceramics have played a vital role in Vietnamese daily life and are used for practical purposes and religious rituals.

Ceremonial and Ritual Uses

In a religious context, ceramics are used as offerings in temples and pagodas. These offerings are often intricately decorated vases, bowls, and figurines placed on altars to honor deities and ancestors. The motifs on these pieces are dragons, phoenixes, and lotus flowers, symbolizing power, rebirth, and purity.

During the Lunar New Year, Tet, Vietnamese families place ceramic incense burners on their ancestral altars. These burners, which have symbolic patterns, burn incense sticks, which are believed to carry prayers and wishes to the spirits of ancestors. Ceramics are also used in funerary practices, where urns store the ashes of the deceased.

In the royal courts, people used ceramics in various state rituals and as diplomatic gifts. Elaborate tea sets and wine vessels made from fine ceramics were used during royal banquets and ceremonies, representing the sophistication and refinement of the Vietnamese court. These pieces were often custom-made and had the best craftsmanship and materials.

Famous Vietnamese Ceramic Artists and Workshops

Several Vietnamese ceramic artists and workshops have gained international fame for their skills and talent. One of the most famous workshops is the Bat Trang Ceramic Village, located just outside Hanoi. Bat Trang has been making high-quality ceramics for over 1,000 years, and its artisans are experts in traditional and modern techniques. Bat Trang ceramics are popular in Vietnam and abroad for their durability, intricate designs, and colorful glazes.

Another famous artist is Nguyen Ngoc Tuan whose work has been shown in galleries around the world. Tuan is known for his contemporary take on traditional Vietnamese ceramics, combining old techniques with modern style. His pieces are bright colors and abstract forms, very him.

Pham Van Tuyen is another big name in Vietnamese ceramics. Based in the ancient city of Hue, Tuyen’s work is inspired by the royal heritage of the region. His ceramics often have gold leaves and intricate carvings, similar to the royal style of the Nguyen Dynasty.

Many contemporary Vietnamese ceramic artists have emerged and gained fame for their innovation in recent years. Le Ba Dang for example, combines traditional Vietnamese ceramic techniques with modern art forms, creating pieces that defy the rules and push the boundaries of art.

These artists and workshops not only preserve the heritage of Vietnamese ceramics but also develop the craft so it remains alive in the modern art world. Their works have elevated Vietnamese ceramics to a new level, loved and collected by collectors and art enthusiasts worldwide.

Where to Buy Vietnamese Ceramics

With their intricate designs and rich history, Vietnamese ceramics make unique and valuable additions to any collection. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or a curious enthusiast, finding the perfect piece can be a rewarding journey. Here are some of the best places to buy authentic Vietnamese ceramics, both in Vietnam and online:

Clay & Leaf (clayandleaf.com)

Clay & Leaf is an online store selling high-quality Vietnamese ceramics worldwide. Their products range from traditional pottery to modern designs, all made by Vietnamese artisans. The website is user-friendly, with detailed descriptions and high-resolution images of each piece so you know what you are buying.

The Clay & Leaf brand is committed to sustainability and fair practice. The brand works directly with local artisans, fair wages and working conditions. It also uses eco-friendly packaging for shipping. So when you buy from Clay & Leaf, you get a beautiful piece of art and support a good cause.

Bat Trang Village

Located just outside Hanoi, Bat Trang Village is one of the most famous pottery villages in Vietnam. With over 700 years of history, Bat Trang is known for its high-quality ceramics, vases, bowls, plates, and teapots. You can visit many shops and workshops, see the artisans at work and even try your hands on pottery making.

Bat Trang ceramics are known for their durability and beautiful glazes. They often have traditional Vietnamese motifs like dragons, phoenixes, and lotus flowers. Prices vary so shop around to get the best deals.

Hoi An Ancient Town

Hoi An, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is famous for its ancient architecture, lantern streets, and arts and crafts scene. The town has many ceramic shops selling handmade products. While walking around Hoi An’s old streets, you’ll find beautiful ceramic pieces that reflect the town’s heritage.

Many of the ceramics in Hoi An are inspired by Cham culture, with intricate patterns and colors. These are great for adding a bit of Vietnamese history and art to your home.

Dong Nai Province

Dong Nai Province, in southern Vietnam, is another ceramic heaven. The province has many traditional pottery villages, including Bien Hoa ceramics. These pieces are known for their green and brown glazes and unique shapes.

Buy directly from the artisans in Dong Nai and get authenticity and support the local economy. Prices are reasonable and quality is high.

Online Marketplaces

Several online marketplaces offer Vietnamese ceramics if you can’t travel to Vietnam. Etsy and eBay have many handmade products from Vietnamese sellers. When shopping online, please read reviews and check the seller’s ratings for a good buying experience.

You can read more about where yo buy Vietnamese ceramics in this article.

Tips for Buying Vietnamese Ceramics

When buying Vietnamese ceramics:

• Check the Glaze and Finish: High-quality ceramics have a smooth and even glaze with no cracks or bubbles. The finish should be consistent, and the colors should be true to the traditional style.
• Look for Authenticity Marks: Many genuine Vietnamese ceramics have a maker’s mark or artist’s signature, which is a sign of authenticity.
• Check the Weight and Balance: Good-quality ceramics should feel balanced and have a good weight—not too light or fragile.
• Look for Traditional Motifs: Many genuine Vietnamese ceramics have traditional motifs like dragons, phoenixes, and lotus flowers. Understanding these designs can help you identify the real ones.
• Buy from Reputable Sources: Whether online or in person, buy from reputable sources that sell authentic Vietnamese ceramics. This will reduce the risk of buying fake ones.

Notable Festivals and Markets

Vietnam has many festivals and markets that feature ceramics:

• Bat Trang Pottery Market: This market in Bat Trang Village is a ceramic heaven. You can see the artisans at work and find many pottery.
• Hoi An Lantern Festival: While famous for its lanterns, this monthly festival in Hoi An also features local crafts, including ceramics. It is a great place to buy unique pieces and enjoy the atmosphere.
• Vietnam National Village for Ethnic Culture and Tourism: Located in Hanoi, this cultural village has many events and exhibitions throughout the year featuring traditional Vietnamese crafts, including ceramics.
• Bien Hoa Pottery Festival: Held in Dong Nai Province, this festival celebrates the region’s ceramic heritage. It has exhibitions, workshops, and markets where you can buy directly from the artisans.

By exploring these sources and following these tips, you can find the perfect Vietnamese ceramics to enhance your collection and support talented artisans.

Rita